Oil burning apparatus



Jan. 8-, 1935. c;, w. WHITNEY ET AL I 1,987,040

OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed April 2, 1931 IIIIIII/IIIIl/IIIIIIIII/l/ ll i'bzeaw Jzvenior Mg C I Patented Jan. 8, 1935 i UNlTED STATES PATENT-OFFICE OIL BURNING APPARATUS Charles W. Whitney, Cambridge, and Axel Nelson, Boston, Mass., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Ellen T. Brennan, Cambridge, Mass..

Application April 2, 1931, Serial No. 527,120 3 Claims. (01. 158- 86) The present invention relates to improvements to the main burner and pilot; and Fig. 3 is a detail in oil burning apparatus, and more particularly illustrating a section in elevation of the pilot to pilots for automatically lighting burners of tube .with the oil supply thereto in the base of the this character when the fuel supply is open. burner head on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

5 A familiar type of oil burner suitable for The burner shown in the illustrated embodi- 5 I domestic purposes such as heating water and for ment of the invention comprises generally a head adaptation to coal burning stoves and the like, casting 10, having an inner oil groove 12 and an comprises one or more circular oil grooves genouter oil groove 14 maintained in spaced and conerally spaced -in concentric relation and surcentric relation, as is usual in this type of struc i mounted by perforated tubes which produce the ture.. The space within the inner groove and be- "10 familiar blue flame from the use of kerosene or tween the inner and outer grooves is available furnace oil. In a common type of burner the for circulation of air to support combustion. The oil supply is fed centrally tothe head and is there oil supply is fed centrally to the burner casting after distributed to the circumferential grooves by a supply pipe 16, which communicates with 15 by radiating conduits. The oil burning grooves outwardly radiating oil conduits 18 and 20 at their 15 may contain-asbestos wicks which, upon saturapoint of intersection. These oil conduits furnish tion, facilitate the starting of the burner. Therechannels for conducting oil to the bottoms of the after, upon heating of the tubes, the gas genoil grooves. Lying ineach oil groove is a wick eratedfrom the high temperature of the burner 22, which serves to absorb oil fed thereto and g 20 is ignited above the wicks and produces the heat. maintain the wick saturated during the starting 20 It is the object of the present invention to proof the burner. As will be evident to those skilled vide a constantly operating-pilot which will serve in the art, the oil supply .is maintained in a to automatically light burners of this general type fashion to maintain a constant level of oil with upon delivery of oil to the burner head, with a relation to the burner head and properlysupply 9,5 resultant saturation of the wick. To this end it oil in a constant stream for initially saturating is proposed to provide a separate and independent the wicks and thereafter furnishing oil for comsupply of oil in proximity to'each of the wicks bustion, this oil level being indicated by the dot located within an oil groove, and to burn this supand dash line in Fig. 3. ply of oil with a blue flame to avoid coking or According to the present invention, apilot basin 3 charring. This is accomplished by providing a is formed in each of the oil grooves adjacent the wick constantly immersed in the supply of oil bottom portion by building up the bottom of from the pilot, and igniting it in proximity to a the groove, as indicated at 27. These two pilot surrounding or partially surrounding hot tube, basins are connected by an intercommunicating which avoids the formation of excessive carbon conduit 29, formed in a boss 30, to which oil is deposits which would otherwise result in clogging supplied through a pipe 32. 'Each of the basins 35 of the burner. With this pilot in constant operais surmounted by a perforated metallic sleeve tion, delivery of oil supply in the manner to 34, which serves as a hot tube after the pilot is saturate the adjacent wick quickly ignites the started, and encloses a wick 36, the bottom of oil with which the wick is saturated, the flame which is immersed in the pilot oil supply. The

40 traveling about the wick away from the pilot and adjacent wick lying within the main oil' groove 40 I starting the operation of the burner in the same is broken, and opposite ends come into proximity manner as if ignited with a match or similar with the pilot tube but are not in a position to device. Where the burner is provided with more be saturated by oil delivered to the pilot basin. than one oil groove, it has been found desirable to The pilot is ignited and. as soon as the surround- 5 provide a separate and independent pilot in coning sleeve becomes hot, a blue flame-is maintained juncti W h each Oil groove for Separately i ni which may be burned continuously without reing the grooves- Both-0f these pilots Operate quiring-any more frequent cleaning of the burner consta y and are Continuously d y a Separate parts than is usual in burners of this character. s ur f l supp furnishing t q isit sma l With the pilot in operation, whenever it is desired quantity of 011 for the pilotto start the main burner, the oil supply is merely 50 In the a o panyin d aw u at g the turned on to deliver oil through the central de preferred form of the invention, Fig. 1 represents livery pipe, and the saturation of the wicks soon a conventional form of burner in plan, with the causes ignition of the oil adjacent to the pilot, the improved pilot embodied therein; Fig. 2 is a side flame thereafter spreading away from the pilot elevation of the head illustrating the oil supply throughout the entire periphery of the wick.

Thereafter, the operation of the burner proceeds as in the case of oil burners of this. type. The burner is extinguished by merely closing the main supply and allowing the pilot to continue its operation.

It will be evident from the foregoing description and from an inspection of the drawings, particularly Figs. 1 and 3, that the pilot basins are in-each individual instance completely isolated from the adjacent oil grooves so that the supply of oil to the pilot basin in each case is confined below the surrounding wall of the basin and is not allowed to seep over for the purpose of saturating the main burner wicks in the concentric grooves. The pilot flame burns within the perforated pilot sleeve in a manner to prevent any excessive accumulation of carbon, this flame being supplied with combustion air from about the outside of the burner and between the concentric grooves, as will be evident to those skilled in the art.

From an inspection of Fig. 2 it will be noted that each pilot sleeve, so-called, consists of two oppositely disposed perforated legs 40, connected at their upper ends as at 42. When these perforated pilots are in place and assembled with the concentric perforated sleeves 50, each of the members 34 forms, in conjunction with the inner and outer sleeves immediately adjacent thereto, a pilot chimney or tube, as will be evident. It is desired to provide the members 34' at their lower ends with comparatively narrow elongated slots 52, which permit the pilot flame within the hot tubes to flare through the openings 52 and ignite the surrounding vapor upon saturation of the main wicks.

It will be understood that this burner is provided with the usual perforated concentric tubes surmounting the burner base as is usual in burners of this character. It will also be employed with any conventional method of oil feed for delivering a continuous supply of oil to the grooves and a second and independentv supply to the pilot or pilots.

What is claimed is:

1. A blue flame oil burner comprising a burner head having a main oil groove, flame directing partitions projecting upwardly from the edges of the oil groove and having perforations to admit air into the space above the groove, a fuel pipe supplying oil to the burner, a pilot contained within the head adjacent-the main oil groove for igniting the burner including a conduit separate from said fuel pipe supplying oil to the pilot wick when the burner is extinguished by exhausting the supply of oil to the OH groove, and metallic means separating the space immediately above the pilot from the rest of the burner, said means being perforated to admit combustion air.

2. A blue flame oil burner comprising a burner head having a main oil groove, flame directing partitions projecting upwardly from the edges of the oil groove and having perforations to admit air into the space above the groove, a fuel pipe supplying oil to the burner, a pilot contained within the head adjacent the main oil groove for igniting the burner including a conduit separate from said fuel pipe supplying oil to the pilot when the burner is extinguished by exhausting the supply of oil to the oil groove, and a perforated sheet metal means separating the space immediately above the pilot from the rest of the burner, certain of the perforations adjacent the bottom end of the separating means' being of sufficient size to permit the pilot flame to carry through and ignite vapor produced by the presence of oil in the main oil groove of the burner.

3. A blue flame oil burner comprising a burner,

head having a main oil groove, flame directing partitions projecting upwardly from the edges of the oil groove and having perforations to admit air into the space above the groove, a

fuel pipe supplying oil to the burner, a pilot contained within the head adjacent the main oil groove for igniting the burner including a conduit separate from said fuel pipe supplying oil to the pilot when the burner is extinguished by exhausting the supply of oil to the oil groove,

and a perforated sheet metal means substantially shorter in height than the flame partitions separating the space immediately above the pilot from the rest of the burner. 

